The bill was not enacted because Pedro I dissolved the Assembly.Īccording to the legend, Italian saint Don Bosco in 1883 had a dream in which he described a futuristic city that roughly fitted Brasilia's location. He presented a plan to the General Assembly of Brazil for a new city called Brasilia, with the idea of moving the capital westward from the heavily populated southeastern corridor. The plan was conceived in 1827 by José Bonifácio, an advisor to Emperor Pedro I. An article of the country's first republican constitution, dated 1891, states that the capital should be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a place close to the country's center. Brasilia's geographically central location fostered a more regionally neutral federal capital. During this period, resources tended to be centered in Brazil's southeastern region, and most of the country's population was concentrated near its Atlantic coast. The foundation stone of Brasilia, Hill of the Centenary, erected in 1922 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Brazil's independence.īrazil's first capital was Salvador in 1763 Rio de Janeiro became Brazil's capital and remained so until 1960. The rest of the Federal District is considered by IBGE to make up Brasília's metro area. Although Brasília is used as a synonym for the Federal District through synecdoche, the Federal District is composed of 33 administrative regions, only one of which is the area of the originally planned city, also called Plano Piloto. The city has a unique status in Brazil, as it is an administrative division rather than a legal municipality like other cities in Brazil. It was one of the main host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and hosted some of the football matches during the 2016 Summer Olympics it also hosted the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. The city's international airport connects it to all other major Brazilian cities and some international destinations, and it is the third-busiest airport in Brazil. Brasília also hosts 124 foreign embassies. Īll three branches of Brazil's federal government are centered in the city: executive, legislative and judiciary. It was named "City of Design" by UNESCO in October 2017 and has been part of the Creative Cities Network since then. Brasília was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 due to its modernist architecture and uniquely artistic urban planning. The city's design divides it into numbered blocks as well as sectors for specified activities, such as the Hotel Sector, the Banking Sector, and the Embassy Sector. The landscape architect was Roberto Burle Marx. īrasília was a planned city developed by Lúcio Costa, Oscar Niemeyer and Joaquim Cardozo in 1956 in a scheme to move the capital from Rio de Janeiro to a more central location. Among major Latin American cities, it has the highest GDP per capita. Brasília is estimated to be Brazil's third-most populous city. It was founded by President Juscelino Kubitschek on 21 April 1960, to serve as the new national capital. The city is located high in the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region. Brasília ( / b r ə ˈ z ɪ l i ə/ Portuguese: ) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District.
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